Pollen analysis reveals that chestnut trees experienced a boom and bust cycle mirroring the Roman Empire's trajectory. Widespread cultivation during Roman expansion, fueled by the chestnut's nutritional and construction value, led to its dominance over native oak forests. However, with the empire's decline, chestnut cultivation dwindled, allowing oak to regain its prominence. This ecological shift, visible in pollen records across Europe, demonstrates the profound impact Roman infrastructure and economic activity had on the landscape, highlighting how even seemingly natural environments can bear the imprint of human history.
A widespread power outage affected parts of Spain and Portugal, temporarily leaving hundreds of thousands without electricity. The outage, attributed to an "incident" on the electrical grid affecting high-voltage lines, primarily impacted the Andalusia region of southern Spain and the Algarve region of Portugal. While the exact cause was under investigation, authorities quickly ruled out hacking or cyberattacks. Power was progressively restored within a few hours, with services mostly back to normal by the evening.
HN commenters discuss the potential causes of the widespread power outage, speculating about grid instability, cascading failures, and the possibility of cyberattacks, though no evidence for the latter is presented. Some highlight the lack of specific details in the BBC's reporting and express surprise at the scale of the outage affecting two countries. Others note the interconnected nature of European power grids and the potential for such events to become more frequent with increasing reliance on renewable energy sources, raising concerns about grid resilience and planning. A few comments mention the relatively quick restoration of power in some areas.
Telli, a YC F24 startup building a collaborative knowledge-sharing platform akin to a shared second brain, is hiring founding engineers in Berlin, Germany. They're seeking individuals passionate about building intuitive and collaborative products using technologies like TypeScript, React, and Node.js. The ideal candidate is excited about early-stage startups, shaping product direction, and working directly with the founding team in a fast-paced, impactful environment. Relocation support is available.
HN commenters express skepticism about the viability of Telli's business model, questioning the market demand for another note-taking app, especially one focused on engineers. Several commenters point out the crowded nature of this market segment and suggest the need for a strong differentiator beyond what's described in the linked hiring page. Some also raise concerns about the emphasis on on-site work in Berlin, potentially limiting the applicant pool. Finally, a few commenters express confusion about Telli's value proposition and how it differs from existing tools like Notion or Obsidian. There is a general lack of enthusiasm and a sense that Telli needs to articulate its unique selling proposition more effectively to attract talent.
"Telling the Bees" explores the ancient tradition of sharing important family news—births, deaths, marriages—with beehives. This practice, rooted in a belief in the interconnectedness of human and bee communities, saw keepers tapping on hives and whispering the news, sometimes draping them in black crepe for mourning. The essay traces the tradition's decline, linking it to the shift from small-scale, intimate beekeeping to industrialized practices. It reflects on the lost reciprocity between humans and nature, symbolized by this ritual, and suggests that the fading tradition reflects a broader detachment from the natural world and its rhythms. Ultimately, "telling the bees" represents a deep-seated human desire to connect with and acknowledge the living world around us, a connection now increasingly threatened.
HN users discuss the tradition of "telling the bees" and its cultural significance. Some find it a beautiful custom reflecting a deep connection with nature and a recognition of bees' importance. Others view it practically, suggesting it might have served to calm the bees during disruptive events like funerals. The possibility of subconscious communication with bees is raised, as well as the parallel custom of including bees in inheritance. Skepticism is also present, with some commenters seeing the tradition as purely superstitious. The discussion also touches upon the decline of bee populations and broader themes of ecological awareness and respect for the natural world. A few comments mention personal experiences with beekeeping and the surprising gentleness of bees under certain circumstances.
A new study reveals that even wealthy Americans experience higher death rates than their economically disadvantaged European counterparts. Researchers compared mortality rates across different income levels in the US to those in 12 European countries and found that the richest 5% of Americans had similar death rates to the poorest 5% of Europeans. This disparity persists across various causes of death, including heart disease, cancer, and drug overdoses, suggesting systemic issues within the US healthcare system and broader societal factors like access to care, inequality, and lifestyle differences are contributing to the problem. The findings highlight that socioeconomic advantages in the US don't fully offset the elevated mortality risks compared to Europe.
HN commenters discuss potential confounders not addressed in the Ars Technica article about differing death rates. Several suggest that racial disparities within the US are a significant factor, with one user pointing out the vastly different life expectancies between Black and white Americans, even within high-income brackets. Others highlight the potential impact of access to healthcare, with some arguing that even wealthy Americans may face barriers to consistent, quality care compared to Europeans. The role of lifestyle choices, such as diet and exercise, is also raised. Finally, some question the methodology of comparing wealth across different countries and economic systems, suggesting purchasing power parity (PPP) may be a more accurate metric. A few commenters also mention the US's higher rates of gun violence and car accidents as potential contributors to the mortality difference.
James Warner-Smith recounts his challenging yet rewarding solo canoe trip down a section of the Danube River. He describes the difficulties of navigating strong currents, portaging around dams, and contending with large barges, highlighting the importance of careful planning and river awareness. Despite the demanding conditions, he enjoyed the solitude and the unique perspective of experiencing the river from a canoe, camping wild along the banks and appreciating the beauty of the Danube's natural surroundings. He reflects on the lessons learned, emphasizing the value of self-sufficiency and the profound connection with nature fostered by such an adventure.
Commenters on Hacker News largely praised the author's adventurous spirit and the detailed, engaging writing style of the Danube canoe trip recounting. Several expressed admiration for the journey's length and the author's resourcefulness in navigating logistical challenges, like portaging around dams and finding camping spots. Some discussion revolved around the historical and cultural aspects of the Danube, with one commenter highlighting the river's significance as a historical trade route. Others shared personal anecdotes of similar trips or expressed interest in undertaking such an adventure themselves. A few practical comments touched on the permits required for such a journey and the potential dangers of river travel.
ASML CEO Peter Wennink warns that Europe risks falling behind in the global semiconductor race due to slow and complex regulations. While supportive of the EU Chips Act's aims to boost domestic chip production, Wennink argues that excessive bureaucracy and delayed funding disbursement hinder the rapid expansion needed to compete with heavily subsidized American and Asian chipmakers. He emphasizes the urgency for Europe to streamline its processes and accelerate investment to avoid losing out on crucial semiconductor manufacturing capacity and future innovation.
Hacker News users discuss the potential negative consequences of export controls on ASML's chipmaking equipment, echoing the CEO's warning in the linked Economist article. Some argue that such restrictions, while intended to hinder China's technological advancement, might incentivize them to develop their own indigenous technology, ultimately hurting ASML's long-term market share. Others express skepticism that China could replicate ASML's highly complex technology easily, emphasizing the company's significant lead and the difficulty of acquiring the necessary expertise and supply chains. Several commenters point out the delicate balance Europe must strike between national security concerns and economic interests, suggesting that overly aggressive restrictions could backfire. The geopolitical implications of these export controls are also debated, with some highlighting the potential for escalating tensions and a technological "cold war."
A 300-year-old beech tree, nicknamed "The Guardian of the Białowieża Primeval Forest," has won the 2023 European Tree of the Year award. Located in Poland's Białowieża National Park, the ancient tree garnered over 45,000 votes. Its impressive size and location within one of Europe's last remaining primeval forests resonated with voters, symbolizing the importance of preserving natural heritage. The contest celebrates remarkable trees across Europe, highlighting their cultural and ecological significance.
HN commenters generally celebrate the ancient beech's victory and share appreciation for its impressive age and beauty. Several commenters express their awe and delight, calling it "magnificent" and "a worthy winner." Some discuss the tree's historical context within Poland and Europe, highlighting its survival through various historical events. A few lament the lack of detailed information about the tree in the BBC article, wishing for more background on its history and the care it has received. Others share anecdotes of their own encounters with ancient trees and discuss the importance of preserving these natural monuments.
Deepnote, a Y Combinator-backed startup, is hiring for various roles (engineering, design, product, marketing) to build a collaborative data science notebook platform. They emphasize a focus on real-time collaboration, Python, and a slick user interface aimed at making data science more accessible and enjoyable. They're looking for passionate individuals to join their fully remote team, with a preference for those located in Europe. They highlight the opportunity to shape the future of data science tools and work on a rapidly growing product.
HN commenters discuss Deepnote's hiring announcement with a mix of skepticism and cautious optimism. Several users question the need for another data science notebook, citing existing solutions like Jupyter, Colab, and VS Code. Some express concern about vendor lock-in and the long-term viability of a closed-source platform. Others praise Deepnote's collaborative features and more polished user interface, viewing it as a potential improvement over existing tools, particularly for teams. The remote-first, European focus of the hiring also drew positive comments. Overall, the discussion highlights the competitive landscape of data science tools and the challenge Deepnote faces in differentiating itself.
The northern bald ibis, once widespread, is now critically endangered and has forgotten its migratory route. Conservationists are attempting to re-teach this instinct by leading young ibises on a migration from Austria to Italy using ultralight aircraft. This arduous process, involving months of preparation and navigating complex logistics, is crucial for the species' survival as it connects them with vital wintering grounds and fosters a new generation of birds capable of migrating independently. The project faces ongoing challenges, highlighting the delicate and intensive work required to restore endangered migratory patterns.
HN commenters generally enjoyed the New Yorker article about teaching whooping cranes to migrate. Several expressed admiration for the dedication and ingenuity of the conservationists involved in the project. Some drew parallels to human behavior, like imprinting and learned behaviors, while others highlighted the fragility of ecosystems and the importance of such interventions. A few questioned the long-term viability and ethical implications of such intensive human involvement in animal migration patterns, wondering about the cost and if it's truly sustainable. There was some brief discussion of other conservation projects and the challenges they face.
Ecosia and Qwant, two European search engines prioritizing privacy and sustainability, are collaborating to build a new, independent European search index called the European Open Web Search (EOWS). This joint effort aims to reduce reliance on non-European indexes, promote digital sovereignty, and offer a more ethical and transparent alternative. The project is open-source and seeks community involvement to enrich the index and ensure its inclusivity, providing European users with a robust and relevant search experience powered by European values.
Several Hacker News commenters express skepticism about Ecosia and Qwant's ability to compete with Google, citing Google's massive data advantage and network effects. Some doubt the feasibility of building a truly independent index and question whether the joint effort will be significantly different from using Bing. Others raise concerns about potential bias and censorship, given the European focus. A few commenters, however, offer cautious optimism, hoping the project can provide a viable privacy-respecting alternative and contribute to a more decentralized internet. Some also express interest in the technical challenges involved in building such an index.
Investigative journalist Pavla Holcová details how she and her colleague, Ján Kuciak, became targets of Slovak businessman Marian Kočner. Kočner, now imprisoned for ordering Kuciak's murder, also planned to have Holcová killed after her reporting exposed his fraudulent activities. Holcová learned of the plot after Kočner's arrest and the subsequent investigation revealed communication discussing her surveillance and intended assassination. This revelation came after years of harassment and intimidation she faced due to her investigations into Kočner. The article underscores the dangers investigative journalists face, particularly when exposing powerful figures involved in corruption.
Hacker News commenters discuss the chilling implications of a journalist being targeted by a powerful criminal. Several express skepticism about the lack of mainstream media coverage, questioning why such a significant story hasn't garnered wider attention. Some speculate about the reasons, suggesting potential political pressure or editorial choices. Others focus on the practicalities of witness protection and the difficulties of maintaining anonymity in the digital age. A few commenters express sympathy and concern for the targeted journalist and colleague, highlighting the dangers inherent in investigative journalism. The overall sentiment reflects a mixture of disbelief, concern, and a desire for more information about the case.
Several key EU regulations are slated to impact startups in 2025. The Data Act will govern industrial data sharing, requiring companies to make data available to users and others upon request, potentially affecting data-driven business models. The revised Payment Services Directive (PSD3) aims to enhance payment security and foster open banking, impacting fintechs with stricter requirements. The Cyber Resilience Act mandates enhanced cybersecurity for connected devices, adding compliance burdens on hardware and software developers. Additionally, the EU's AI Act, though expected later, could still influence product development strategies throughout 2025 with its tiered risk-based approach to AI regulation. These regulations necessitate careful preparation and adaptation for startups operating within or targeting the EU market.
Hacker News users discussing the upcoming EU regulations generally express concerns about their complexity and potential negative impact on startups. Several commenters predict these regulations will disproportionately burden smaller companies due to the increased compliance costs, potentially stifling innovation and favoring larger, established players. Some highlight specific regulations, like the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA), and discuss their potential consequences for platform interoperability and competition. The platform liability aspect of the DSA is also a point of contention, with some questioning its practicality and effectiveness. Others note the broad scope of these regulations, extending beyond just tech companies, and affecting sectors like manufacturing and AI. A few express skepticism about the EU's ability to effectively enforce these regulations.
UK Data Explorer created an interactive map showcasing common words across Europe in over 30 languages. Users can select a word from a list (e.g., "bread," "beer," "house") and see its translation displayed on the map, color-coded by linguistic similarity. The map highlights the diversity and evolution of languages across the continent, revealing interesting etymological relationships and regional variations. It serves as a visual tool for exploring language families and how words have spread and changed over time.
Hacker News users discussed the methodology and potential issues of the European word translator map. Several commenters pointed out inaccuracies and oversimplifications in the data, particularly regarding dialects and false cognates. Some suggested improvements, like including IPA transcriptions to show pronunciation differences and adding more granular detail to regional variations. The map's visualization choices, such as using size to represent speaker numbers, also drew criticism for being potentially misleading. Others praised the project's overall concept and educational value, acknowledging its limitations while still finding it an interesting tool. There was also discussion about the difficulties of representing linguistic data visually and the complexities of European language families.
Sweden is investigating a newly discovered break in a fiber optic cable in its territorial waters of the Baltic Sea, marking the fourth such incident in the region since October. While the damaged cable primarily served domestic internet traffic for the island of Gotland, authorities are treating the incident seriously given the recent spate of unexplained cable cuts, including those affecting international data and power transmission. The Swedish Security Service is leading the investigation and has not yet determined a cause or identified any suspects, though sabotage is a suspected possibility given the geopolitical context and previous incidents. The damage has not significantly disrupted internet access for Gotland residents.
Hacker News commenters discuss the likelihood of this cable break being another act of sabotage, similar to the Nord Stream pipelines. Several express skepticism of the official explanation of a fishing trawler causing the damage, citing the cable's depth and robust construction. Some speculate about Russian involvement given the geopolitical context, while others suggest the possibility of other state actors or even non-state actors being responsible. The lack of clear evidence and the ongoing investigation are highlighted, with several commenters calling for more transparency and a thorough inquiry before drawing conclusions. A few users also discuss the vulnerability of undersea infrastructure and the potential implications for communication and energy security.
Sweden is considering sending prisoners abroad due to overcrowding in its prisons. This overcrowding is largely attributed to a surge in gang-related crime, which has led to an increased number of convictions and longer sentences. The Swedish government is exploring agreements with other countries to house inmates, specifically focusing on those convicted of crimes committed abroad, and aims to alleviate pressure on its correctional system while potentially reducing costs.
Hacker News commenters discuss the irony of Sweden, known for its progressive social policies, now facing prison overcrowding due to gang violence. Some attribute the rise in crime to integration issues with immigrants, while others point to broader societal factors. Several commenters highlight the seeming contradiction of a country with generous social programs struggling with such a problem. The discussion also touches on the effectiveness of sending inmates abroad, with skepticism about its long-term impact on rehabilitation and reintegration. Some question whether this is a sustainable solution or simply a way to avoid addressing the root causes of the crime wave. A few commenters note the lack of specifics in the article about the plan's logistics and the countries being considered.
A second undersea data cable in the Baltic Sea has been damaged near the Latvian coast, prompting Latvia to deploy a warship to the area. The cable, which connects Latvia and Sweden, is not currently operational, having been out of service since September due to a suspected anchor strike. Authorities are investigating the new damage, with no definitive cause yet determined, but suspicions of human activity remain high given the previous incident and the geopolitical context of the region. While the specific cable was already offline, the incident raises further concerns about the vulnerability of critical undersea infrastructure.
HN commenters discuss the likelihood of sabotage regarding the damaged Baltic Sea cable, with some suggesting Russia as a likely culprit given the ongoing geopolitical tensions and the proximity to Nord Stream pipeline incidents. Several highlight the vulnerability of these cables and the lack of effective protection measures. Others question if the damage could be accidental due to fishing activities or anchors, emphasizing the need for more information before jumping to conclusions. The discussion also touches upon the potential impact on communications and the importance of diverse routing for internet traffic. A few commenters express skepticism about the reporting, pointing out a perceived lack of specific details in the articles.
Austrian cloud provider Anexia has migrated 12,000 virtual machines from VMware to its own internally developed KVM-based platform, saving millions of euros annually in licensing costs. Driven by the desire for greater control, flexibility, and cost savings, Anexia spent three years developing its own orchestration, storage, and networking solutions to underpin the new platform. While acknowledging the complexity and effort involved, the company claims the migration has resulted in improved performance and stability, along with the substantial financial benefits.
Hacker News commenters generally praised Anexia's move away from VMware, citing cost savings and increased flexibility as primary motivators. Some expressed skepticism about the "homebrew" aspect of the new KVM platform, questioning its long-term maintainability and the potential for unforeseen issues. Others pointed out the complexities and potential downsides of such a large migration, including the risk of downtime and the significant engineering effort required. A few commenters shared their own experiences with similar migrations, offering both warnings and encouragement. The discussion also touched on the broader trend of moving away from proprietary virtualization solutions towards open-source alternatives like KVM. Several users questioned the wisdom of relying on a single vendor for such a critical part of their infrastructure, regardless of whether it's VMware or a custom solution.
Raycast, a productivity tool startup, is hiring a remote, full-stack engineer based in the EU. The role offers a competitive salary ranging from €105,000 to €160,000 and involves working on their core product, extensions platform, and community features using technologies like React, TypeScript, and Node.js. Ideal candidates have experience building and shipping high-quality software and a passion for developer tools and improving user workflows. They are looking for engineers who thrive in a fast-paced environment and are excited to contribute to a growing product.
HN commenters discuss Raycast's hiring post, mostly focusing on the high salary range offered (€105k-€160k) for remote, EU-based full-stack engineers. Some express skepticism about the top end of the range being realistically attainable, while others note it's competitive with FAANG salaries. Several commenters praise Raycast as a product and express interest in working there, highlighting the company's positive reputation within the developer community. A few users question the long-term viability of launcher apps like Raycast, while others defend their utility and potential for growth. The overall sentiment towards the job posting is positive, with many seeing it as an attractive opportunity.
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https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43990262
Several commenters on Hacker News discussed the methodology of using chestnut pollen as a proxy for Roman influence, expressing skepticism about its accuracy and the strength of the causal link. Some highlighted the limitations of pollen studies, pointing to the potential for misinterpretation due to factors like wind dispersal and long-distance trade. Others debated the actual impact of the Roman Empire on chestnut cultivation, suggesting that existing cultivation practices might simply have been intensified, rather than introduced, by the Romans. The complexity of ecological and historical factors was emphasized, with some arguing for a more nuanced view of the relationship between chestnut distribution and Roman activity. A few commenters also shared additional historical context, including the role of chestnuts in pre-Roman societies and the impact of later historical events on chestnut populations.
The Hacker News post titled "How the humble chestnut traced the rise and fall of the Roman Empire" has generated a moderate number of comments, mostly focusing on the historical and botanical aspects of the chestnut's role in the Roman Empire. Several commenters delve deeper into specific points raised in the BBC article, offering additional context and insights.
One commenter highlights the chestnut's importance as a staple food crop, especially in mountainous regions where grain cultivation was difficult. They expand on this by mentioning how chestnut flour could be stored for extended periods, providing a reliable food source during lean times and supporting larger populations than would otherwise be possible in these areas. This practicality likely contributed to its prevalence throughout the Roman Empire.
Another commenter challenges the article's assertion about chestnuts replacing wheat in some regions. They argue that while chestnuts were undoubtedly important, they likely supplemented rather than fully replaced wheat, especially given the cultural significance of wheat in Roman society. They suggest that pollen evidence may not fully capture the nuances of dietary habits.
A separate thread discusses the different varieties of chestnuts and their varying properties. One commenter mentions the presence of sweet chestnuts in the Eastern Mediterranean and contrasts them with the more bitter varieties found elsewhere, highlighting regional differences within the Roman Empire's food supply. Another commenter adds a modern perspective, referencing the current challenges faced by chestnut trees due to blight and invasive species, emphasizing the vulnerability of even robust and historically important crops.
A few comments delve into the historical methodology used in the article. One commenter praises the use of pollen analysis as a valuable tool for understanding past vegetation and agricultural practices, while another points out the limitations of this method, suggesting the need for a combination of archaeological and ecological evidence for a comprehensive understanding.
Finally, a commenter draws a parallel between the historical importance of the chestnut in the Roman Empire and the potential of other underutilized crops to contribute to food security today, suggesting that lessons from the past can inform present-day agricultural practices.
Overall, the comments enrich the article by providing further details, raising critical questions, and expanding the discussion to broader themes of history, botany, and food security. They offer a valuable perspective on the multifaceted relationship between humans and their environment, past and present.