Nobel laureate Mario Vargas Llosa, a towering figure of 20th and 21st-century literature, has died. The Peruvian writer, known for his prolific and politically charged novels, essays, and plays, explored themes of power, corruption, and individual freedom against the backdrop of Latin American society. His works, including "The Time of the Hero," "Conversation in the Cathedral," and "The Feast of the Goat," garnered international acclaim for their complex characters, intricate plots, and unflinching portrayal of societal ills. Vargas Llosa's influence extended beyond literature, as he actively participated in Peruvian politics, even running for president in 1990. His death marks the end of a remarkable literary career that spanned decades and left an indelible mark on the world.
"Telling the Bees" explores the ancient tradition of sharing important family news—births, deaths, marriages—with beehives. This practice, rooted in a belief in the interconnectedness of human and bee communities, saw keepers tapping on hives and whispering the news, sometimes draping them in black crepe for mourning. The essay traces the tradition's decline, linking it to the shift from small-scale, intimate beekeeping to industrialized practices. It reflects on the lost reciprocity between humans and nature, symbolized by this ritual, and suggests that the fading tradition reflects a broader detachment from the natural world and its rhythms. Ultimately, "telling the bees" represents a deep-seated human desire to connect with and acknowledge the living world around us, a connection now increasingly threatened.
HN users discuss the tradition of "telling the bees" and its cultural significance. Some find it a beautiful custom reflecting a deep connection with nature and a recognition of bees' importance. Others view it practically, suggesting it might have served to calm the bees during disruptive events like funerals. The possibility of subconscious communication with bees is raised, as well as the parallel custom of including bees in inheritance. Skepticism is also present, with some commenters seeing the tradition as purely superstitious. The discussion also touches upon the decline of bee populations and broader themes of ecological awareness and respect for the natural world. A few comments mention personal experiences with beekeeping and the surprising gentleness of bees under certain circumstances.
The Discworld, a flat disc carried on the backs of four elephants standing on a giant turtle, operates on narrative causality rather than strict physics. Things happen because the story requires them to, allowing for both humorous and poignant explorations of human nature and society. Magic is real, but unpredictable and often tied to belief, while the conventional laws of science are frequently bent or broken. This unique setting allows Pratchett to satirize everything from fantasy tropes and political structures to philosophy and the nature of belief itself, creating a world that is both absurd and deeply insightful.
The Hacker News comments on "Discworld Rules" largely praise Venkatesh Rao's insightful distillation of Pratchett's narrative style. Several commenters highlight the "rules" about how magic works, specifically the idea of narrative causality and how belief shapes reality on the Discworld. The observation that Discworld satirizes existing tropes and cliches while simultaneously using them effectively also resonated. Some discussion revolved around how these "rules" apply to other fictional worlds and real-world phenomena like religion and politics. A few commenters mentioned their favorite Discworld books and characters, adding a personal touch to the appreciation for Rao's analysis. One commenter aptly summarized the essence of the Discworld as "reality is a negotiable construct."
In 1962, Roald Dahl's daughter Olivia died from measles encephalitis at age seven. Devastated, Dahl initially retreated into grief and questioned his faith. With the encouragement of a family friend, he eventually found solace by immersing himself in the creation of a measles vaccination campaign, advocating for its importance and helping fund research. While never fully recovering from the loss, Dahl channeled his grief into a positive action, hoping to prevent other families from experiencing similar tragedy.
Hacker News users discuss Roald Dahl's reaction to the death of his daughter Olivia, with many focusing on his stoicism and attempt to find reason amidst grief. Some commenters find his eventual embrace of pseudoscience, specifically faith healing, understandable given the tragedy, while others criticize it as a dangerous path. The piece's portrayal of Dahl's complex grief resonated with several readers who shared personal experiences of loss and the different ways people cope. A few commenters also note Dahl's difficult personality, both before and after Olivia's death, questioning the simplicity of portraying him solely as a grieving father. Several users mention the irony of his later anti-vaccine stance, given that measles took his daughter's life, sparking discussion on the complexities of grief and its impact on decision-making.
Richard Feynman's blackboard, preserved after his death in 1988, offers a glimpse into his final thoughts and ongoing work. It features a partially completed calculation related to the quantum Hall effect, specifically concerning the motion of a single electron in a magnetic field. The board also displays a quote from "King Lear" – "What art thou that dost torment me in this world" – alongside a drawing and some seemingly unrelated calculations, hinting at the diverse range of topics occupying his mind. The preserved blackboard serves as a poignant reminder of Feynman's relentless curiosity and enduring engagement with physics.
HN users discuss the contents of Feynman's blackboard, focusing on the cryptic nature of "Know how to solve every problem that has been solved." Some interpret it as a reminder to understand fundamental principles rather than memorizing specific solutions, while others see it as highlighting the importance of studying existing solutions before tackling new problems. A few users point out the irony of the seemingly unfinished thought next to it, "What I cannot create, I do not understand," speculating on what Feynman might have intended to add. Others comment on the more mundane items, like the phone numbers and grocery list, offering a glimpse into Feynman's everyday life. Several express appreciation for the preservation of the blackboard as a historical artifact, providing insight into the mind of a brilliant physicist.
Near-death experiences, often characterized by vivid hallucinations and a sense of peace, are increasingly understood as a natural biological process rather than a mystical or spiritual one. As the brain faces oxygen deprivation and cellular breakdown, various physiological changes can trigger these altered states of consciousness. These experiences, frequently involving visions of deceased loved ones, comforting figures, or life reviews, likely result from the brain's attempt to create order and meaning amid neurological chaos. While culturally interpreted in diverse ways, the underlying mechanisms suggest that these end-of-life experiences are a common human phenomenon linked to the dying brain's struggle to function.
HN commenters discuss the prevalence of end-of-life visions and their potential explanations. Some share personal anecdotes of loved ones experiencing comforting hallucinations in their final moments, often involving deceased relatives or religious figures. Others question the article's focus on the "hallucinatory" nature of these experiences, suggesting that the brain's activity during the dying process might be generating something beyond simply hallucinations, perhaps offering a glimpse into a different state of consciousness. Several commenters highlight the importance of providing comfort and support to dying individuals, regardless of the nature of their experiences. Some also mention the possibility of cultural and societal influences shaping these end-of-life visions. The potential role of medication in contributing to these experiences is also briefly discussed. A few express skepticism, suggesting more research is needed before drawing firm conclusions about the meaning or nature of these phenomena.
End-of-life experiences, often involving visions of deceased loved ones, are extremely common and likely stem from natural brain processes rather than supernatural phenomena. As the brain nears death, various physiological changes, including oxygen deprivation and medication effects, can trigger these hallucinations. These visions are typically comforting and shouldn't be dismissed as mere delirium, but understood as a meaningful part of the dying process. They offer solace and a sense of connection during a vulnerable time, potentially serving as a psychological mechanism to help prepare for death. While research into these experiences is ongoing, understanding their biological basis can destigmatize them and allow caregivers and loved ones to offer better support to the dying.
Hacker News users discussed the potential causes of end-of-life hallucinations, with some suggesting they could be related to medication, oxygen deprivation, or the brain's attempt to make sense of deteriorating sensory input. Several commenters shared personal anecdotes of witnessing these hallucinations in loved ones, often involving visits from deceased relatives or friends. Some questioned the article's focus on the "hallucinatory" nature of these experiences, arguing they could be interpreted as comforting or meaningful for the dying individual, regardless of their neurological basis. Others emphasized the importance of compassionate support and acknowledging the reality of these experiences for those nearing death. A few also recommended further reading on the topic, including research on near-death experiences and palliative care.
Honeybees die after stinging humans and other mammals because their stinger, which is barbed, gets lodged in the victim's thick skin. When the bee tries to fly away, the entire stinging apparatus—including the venom sac, muscles, and parts of the bee's abdomen—is ripped from its body. This massive abdominal rupture is fatal. However, bees can sting other insects without dying because their stingers can be easily withdrawn from the insect's exoskeleton. The barbed stinger and its detachment mechanism evolved as a defense against larger animals, sacrificing the individual bee for the protection of the hive.
Hacker News users discuss the evolutionary reasons behind honeybee stinging behavior. Some question the article's premise, pointing out that only worker bees, not queens or drones, have barbed stingers that cause them to die after stinging. Several commenters explain that this sacrifice benefits the hive's survival by allowing the worker bee to continue injecting venom even after detaching. Others suggest that since worker bees are sterile females, their individual survival is less crucial than defending the colony and the queen's reproductive capacity. One commenter highlights the difference between honeybees and other stinging insects like wasps and hornets, which can sting multiple times. Another points out that the stinger evolved primarily for inter-species defense, particularly against other insects and small mammals raiding the hive, not for stinging large mammals like humans.
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https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43677917
HN commenters react to Vargas Llosa's death with a mix of appreciation and criticism. Some praise his literary contributions, particularly "The War of the End of the World," and his defense of liberal values. Others criticize his political stances, viewing him as too conservative, and some bring up controversial personal life choices. A few commenters note the irony of his death shortly after an erroneous obituary was published. Several discuss his Nobel Prize and his prolific writing career, with some recommending entry points for those unfamiliar with his work. A recurring theme is the contrast between his impressive literary talent and his sometimes questionable political and personal decisions.
The Hacker News post titled "Mario Vargas Llosa has died" links to a New York Times article which appears to be an appraisal of his work rather than an obituary. This has led to significant confusion and discussion in the comments section.
Many of the initial comments express surprise and even disbelief, given the framing of the Hacker News title. Several users point out that the NYT article doesn't mention his death and speculate about a potential error in the headline. Some even suggest checking other sources to confirm the news, highlighting a healthy skepticism towards information presented online.
Once the misunderstanding about the headline is cleared up, the discussion shifts towards Vargas Llosa's literary legacy and political views. Some commenters express admiration for his writing, particularly "The Feast of the Goat" and "Conversation in the Cathedral," while acknowledging his controversial political stances. The discussion delves into his shift from left-leaning views to more conservative ones, with some commenters attributing this change to his experiences with Peruvian politics and the rise of authoritarian regimes.
A few commenters criticize what they perceive as a hagiographic tone in the NYT piece, arguing that it glosses over some of the more problematic aspects of Vargas Llosa's life and career. They mention his public feud with Gabriel García Márquez, his support for controversial political figures, and his sometimes contentious views on cultural and social issues.
There's also a thread discussing the challenges of writing about living authors, particularly those with complex and evolving legacies. One commenter suggests that attempting an overarching appraisal while the subject is still alive can be premature and potentially lead to skewed perspectives.
Overall, the comments section reveals a mixed reaction to Vargas Llosa. While there's widespread recognition of his literary talent, his political views and personal life remain subjects of debate and contention. The confusion caused by the initial headline further underscores the importance of accurate reporting and the potential for misinformation to spread rapidly online.