Bell Labs, celebrating its centennial, represents a century of groundbreaking innovation. From its origins as a research arm of AT&T, it pioneered advancements in telecommunications, including the transistor, laser, solar cell, information theory, and the Unix operating system and C programming language. This prolific era fostered a collaborative environment where scientific exploration thrived, leading to numerous Nobel Prizes and shaping the modern technological landscape. However, the breakup of AT&T and subsequent shifts in corporate focus impacted Bell Labs' trajectory, leading to a diminished research scope and a transition towards more commercially driven objectives. Despite this evolution, Bell Labs' legacy of fundamental scientific discovery and engineering prowess remains a benchmark for industrial research.
TMSU is a command-line tool that lets you tag files and directories, creating a virtual filesystem based on those tags. Instead of relying on a file's physical location, you can organize and access files through a flexible tag-based system. TMSU supports various commands for tagging, untagging, listing files by tag, and navigating the virtual filesystem. It offers features like autocompletion, regular expression matching for tags, and integration with find. This allows for powerful and dynamic file management based on user-defined criteria, bypassing the limitations of traditional directory structures.
Hacker News users generally praised TMSU for its speed, simplicity, and effectiveness, especially compared to more complex solutions. One commenter highlighted its efficiency for managing a large photo collection, appreciating the ability to tag files based on date and other criteria. Others found its clear documentation and intuitive use of find commands beneficial. Some expressed interest in similar terminal-based tagging solutions, mentioning TagSpaces as a cross-platform alternative and bemoaning the lack of a modern GUI for TMSU. A few users questioned the longevity of the project, given the last commit being two years prior, while others pointed out the stability of the software and the infrequency of needed updates for such a tool.
Bunster is a tool that compiles Bash scripts into standalone, statically-linked executables. This allows for easy distribution and execution of Bash scripts without requiring a separate Bash installation on the target system. It achieves this by embedding a minimal Bash interpreter and necessary dependencies within the generated executable. This makes scripts more portable and user-friendly, especially for scenarios where installing dependencies or ensuring a specific Bash version is impractical.
Hacker News users discussed Bunster's novel approach to compiling Bash scripts, expressing interest in its potential while also raising concerns. Several questioned the practical benefits over existing solutions like shc or containers, particularly regarding dependency management and debugging complexity. Some highlighted the inherent limitations of Bash as a scripting language compared to more robust alternatives for complex applications. Others appreciated the project's ingenuity and suggested potential use cases like simplifying distribution of simple scripts or bypassing system-level restrictions on scripting. The discussion also touched upon the performance implications of this compilation method and the challenges of handling Bash's dynamic nature. A few commenters expressed curiosity about the inner workings of the compilation process and its handling of external commands.
Multiple vulnerabilities were discovered in rsync, a widely used file synchronization tool. These vulnerabilities affect both the client and server components and could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service. Exploitation generally requires a malicious rsync server, though a malicious client could exploit a vulnerable server with pre-existing trust, such as a backup server. Users are strongly encouraged to update to rsync version 3.2.8 or later to address these vulnerabilities.
Hacker News users discussed the disclosed rsync vulnerabilities, primarily focusing on the practical impact. Several commenters downplayed the severity, noting the limited exploitability due to the requirement of a compromised rsync server or a malicious client connecting to a user's server. Some highlighted the importance of SSH as a secure transport layer, mitigating the risk for most users. The conversation also touched upon the complexities of patching embedded systems and the potential for increased scrutiny of rsync's codebase following these disclosures. A few users expressed concern over the lack of memory safety in C, suggesting it as a contributing factor to such vulnerabilities.
/etc/glob was an early Unix mechanism (predating regular expressions) allowing users to create named patterns representing sets of filenames, simplifying command-line operations. These patterns, using globbing characters like * and ?, were stored in /etc/glob and could be referenced by name prefixed with g. While conceptually powerful, /etc/glob suffered from limited wildcard support and was eventually superseded by more powerful and flexible tools like shell globbing and regular expressions. Its existence offers a glimpse into the evolution of filename pattern matching and Unix's pursuit of concise yet powerful user interfaces.
HN commenters discuss the blog post's exploration of /etc/glob in early Unix. Several highlight the post's clarification of the mechanism's purpose, not as filename expansion (handled by the shell), but as a way to store user-specific command aliases predating aliases and shell functions. Some commenters share anecdotes about encountering this archaic feature, while others express fascination with this historical curiosity and the evolution of Unix. The overall sentiment is appreciation for the post's shedding light on a forgotten piece of Unix history and prompting reflection on how modern systems have evolved. Some debate the actual impact and usage prevalence of /etc/glob, with some suggesting it was likely rarely used even in early Unix.
The blog post "Right to root access" argues that users should have complete control over the devices they own, including root access. It contends that manufacturers artificially restrict user access for anti-competitive reasons, forcing users into walled gardens and limiting their ability to repair, modify, and truly own their devices. This restriction extends beyond just software to encompass firmware and hardware, hindering innovation and consumer freedom. The author believes this control should be a fundamental digital right, akin to property rights in the physical world, empowering users to fully utilize and customize their technology.
HN users largely agree with the premise that users should have root access to devices they own. Several express frustration with "walled gardens" and the increasing trend of manufacturers restricting user control. Some highlight the security and repairability benefits of root access, citing examples like jailbreaking iPhones to enable security features unavailable in the official iOS. A few more skeptical comments raise concerns about users bricking their devices and the potential for increased malware susceptibility if users lack technical expertise. Others note the conflict between right-to-repair legislation and software licensing agreements. A recurring theme is the desire for modular devices that allow component replacement and OS customization without voiding warranties.
This project demonstrates a surprisingly functional 3D raycaster engine implemented entirely within a Bash script. By cleverly leveraging ASCII characters and terminal output manipulation, it renders a simple maze-like environment in pseudo-3D. The script calculates ray intersections with walls and represents distances with varying shades of characters, creating a surprisingly immersive experience given the limitations of the medium. While performance is understandably limited, it showcases the flexibility and unexpected capabilities of Bash beyond typical scripting tasks.
Hacker News users discuss the ingenuity and limitations of a bash raycaster. Several express admiration for the project's creativity, highlighting the unexpected capability of bash for such a task. Some commenters delve into the technical details, discussing the clever use of shell built-ins and the performance implications of using bash for computationally intensive tasks. Others point out that the "raycasting" is actually a 2.5D projection technique and not true raycasting. The novelty of the project and its demonstration of bash's flexibility are the main takeaways, though its practicality is questioned. Some users also shared links to similar projects in other unexpected languages.
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https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42831043
HN commenters largely praised the linked PDF documenting Bell Labs' history, calling it well-written, informative, and a good overview of a critical institution. Several pointed out specific areas they found interesting, like the discussion of "directed basic research," the balance between pure research and product development, and the evolution of corporate research labs in general. Some lamented the decline of similar research-focused environments today, contrasting Bell Labs' heyday with the current focus on short-term profits. A few commenters added further historical details or pointed to related resources like the book Idea Factory. One commenter questioned the framing of Bell Labs as primarily an American institution given its reliance on global talent.
The Hacker News post titled "100 years of Bell Labs [pdf]" contains a number of comments discussing the linked PDF and Bell Labs' historical impact. Several commenters reflect on the unique environment and culture that fostered such a high degree of innovation at Bell Labs.
One commenter highlights the freedom researchers had to pursue their interests, noting the "long view" Bell Labs took, allowing scientists to delve into fundamental research without immediate pressure for practical applications. This long-term perspective is contrasted with the more short-term, profit-driven approach prevalent in today's research environments. The commenter points out how this freedom led to groundbreaking discoveries, often with unexpected applications that emerged much later.
Another commenter emphasizes the "synergy between theorists, experimentalists, and engineers" at Bell Labs, suggesting this close collaboration played a crucial role in their success. The commenter expresses admiration for the institution's ability to bring together diverse expertise, creating a fertile ground for innovation.
Several comments touch on the decline of Bell Labs, attributing it to various factors such as the breakup of AT&T, changing corporate priorities, and the increasing emphasis on short-term gains over long-term research. Some lament the loss of this unique research environment and express a desire for similar institutions to emerge in the modern era.
One commenter specifically mentions the book "The Idea Factory: Bell Labs and the Great Age of American Innovation" by Jon Gertner as a further resource for understanding the history and culture of Bell Labs.
A few commenters also discuss specific technologies and innovations that emerged from Bell Labs, including the transistor, lasers, and Unix, further emphasizing the institution's significant contributions to science and technology.
Overall, the comments express a mix of admiration for Bell Labs' past achievements, nostalgia for its unique research environment, and concern about the decline of long-term, fundamental research in the current landscape. The commenters see Bell Labs as a model for successful research and development and express a desire to learn from its history and potentially recreate some aspects of its approach in modern institutions.