The author details their minimalist approach to creating a static website using only the ed line editor. They leverage ed's scripting capabilities to transform a single source file containing HTML, CSS, and JavaScript into separate files for deployment. This unconventional method, while requiring some manual effort and shell scripting, results in a lightweight and surprisingly functional system, demonstrating the power and flexibility of even the most basic Unix tools. By embracing simplicity and eschewing complex static site generators, the author achieves a streamlined workflow that fits their minimalist philosophy.
Jiri Stribny has released a free, online, and modern command-line handbook aimed at both beginners and experienced users. The handbook covers a wide range of topics from basic navigation and file manipulation to more advanced concepts like shell scripting, process management, and using the command line effectively with cloud services like AWS. It focuses on practical examples and aims to be a comprehensive resource, updated for the current computing landscape, including discussions of newer tools and best practices. The handbook encourages interactive learning through built-in exercises and code examples that readers can experiment with directly in their terminal.
HN commenters largely praised the Command Line Handbook for its modern approach, covering newer tools and techniques omitted from older resources. Several appreciated the inclusion of practical examples and the focus on interactive use. Some suggested additions, including coverage of specific tools like jq, fzf, and ripgrep, more detail on shell scripting, and explanations of underlying concepts like the filesystem hierarchy. A few pointed out minor typos or formatting inconsistencies. The overall sentiment was highly positive, with many expressing their intent to use the handbook themselves or recommend it to others.
Early Unix's file system imposed significant limitations on filenames. Initially, the Version 1 file system only supported 6-character filenames with a 2-character extension, totaling 8. Version 2 extended this to 14 characters, but still without any directory hierarchy support. The move to a hierarchical file system with Version 5 further restricted filenames to 14 characters total, without separate extensions. This 14-character limit persisted for a surprisingly long time, even into the early days of Linux and BSD. The restrictions stemmed from the structure of the i-node, which held file metadata, and a focus on simplicity and efficient use of limited storage capacity. Later versions of Unix and its derivatives gradually increased the limit to 255 characters and beyond.
HN commenters discuss the historical context of early Unix filename limitations, with some pointing out that PDP-11 directories were effectively single-level and thus short filenames were less problematic. Others mention the influence of punched cards and teletypes on early computing conventions, including filename length. Several users shared anecdotes about working with these older systems and the creative workarounds employed to manage the restrictions. The technical reasons behind the limitations, such as inode structure and memory constraints, are also explored. One commenter highlights the blog author's incorrect assertion about the original ls command, clarifying its actual behavior with early Unix versions. Finally, the discussion touches on the evolution of filename lengths in later Unix versions and other operating systems.
Lnk is a command-line tool designed to simplify managing dotfiles using Git. It leverages symbolic links and a bare Git repository within your home directory to track and synchronize configuration files across different machines. Lnk allows you to selectively link specific files or directories, commit changes like any other Git repository, and easily clone your dotfiles setup to new systems. This Git-centric approach provides version control, backup, and portability for your personalized system configurations.
HN users generally praised lnk for its simplicity and git-centric approach to managing dotfiles, appreciating that it avoids complex syncing mechanisms. Some questioned the value proposition over simpler existing solutions like using a Git bare repository or GNU Stow, sparking a discussion about the nuances of different approaches. One commenter pointed out potential issues with shell aliases and functions being sourced twice when using lnk with tools like zsh, suggesting improvements to the README for clarity. Others discussed alternative strategies for managing dotfiles, highlighting the subjective nature of the problem and diverse preferences within the community. Several users offered specific suggestions for enhancing lnk, such as supporting Xcode configuration files and improving documentation around uninstalling packages.
The blog post laments the absence of a simple, built-in command-line tool in common Unix systems for sorting IPv6 addresses correctly. Standard sorting tools like sort treat IPv6 addresses as strings, leading to incorrect ordering. The author explores several workarounds, including converting addresses to a sortable format using expansion and zero-padding, leveraging specialized tools like ip6calc, or scripting solutions. Ultimately, the post highlights the surprising complexity of this seemingly straightforward task and calls for a more elegant, standardized solution within core Unix utilities.
HN commenters generally agree that sorting IPv6 addresses from the command line is tricky. Several suggest using sort -k, potentially with some preprocessing via awk or sed to isolate the relevant parts of the address for numerical sorting. Some note the complications introduced by mixed representations (e.g., compressed vs. expanded addresses) and the need to handle various formats like CIDR notation. One commenter highlights the difficulty of sorting IPv6 addresses lexicographically as opposed to numerically. Another commenter suggests a Python solution using the ipaddress module. Several commenters point out that the sort -V (version sort) option likely won't work correctly for IPv6 addresses, reinforcing the original poster's frustration.
Bell Labs' success stemmed from a unique combination of factors. Monopoly profits from AT&T provided ample, patient funding, allowing researchers to pursue long-term, fundamental research without immediate commercial pressure. This financial stability fostered a culture of intellectual freedom and collaboration, attracting top talent across diverse disciplines. Management prioritized basic research and tolerated failure, understanding that groundbreaking innovations often arise from unexpected avenues. The resulting environment, coupled with a clear mission tied to improving communication technology, led to a remarkable string of inventions that shaped the modern world.
Hacker News users discuss factors contributing to Bell Labs' success, highlighting management's commitment to long-term fundamental research, a culture of intellectual freedom and collaboration, and the unique historical context of AT&T's regulated monopoly status, which provided stable funding. Some commenters draw parallels to Xerox PARC, noting similar successes hampered by parent companies' inability to capitalize on innovations. Others emphasize the importance of consistent funding, the freedom to pursue curiosity-driven research, and the density of talented individuals, while acknowledging the difficulty of replicating such an environment today. A few comments express skepticism about the "golden age" narrative, pointing to potential downsides of Bell Labs' structure, and suggest that modern research ecosystems, despite their flaws, offer more diverse avenues for innovation. Several users mention the book "The Idea Factory" as a good resource for further understanding Bell Labs' history and success.
The Almquist shell (ash) has spawned numerous variants over the years, each with its own focus and features. These range from minimal, resource-constrained versions like BusyBox ash, suitable for embedded systems, to enhanced shells like ksh, dash, and zsh that prioritize performance, portability, or extended functionality. The post provides a comprehensive list of these ash derivatives, briefly describing their key characteristics and intended use cases, along with links to their respective projects. This serves as a valuable resource for understanding the ash lineage and selecting the appropriate shell for a given environment.
HN users discuss various Ash-derived shells, primarily focusing on their size and suitability for embedded systems. Some highlight BusyBox's ash implementation as a popular choice due to its configurability, allowing developers to tailor its feature set and size. Others mention alternative shells like dash, praising its speed and adherence to POSIX standards, while acknowledging it lacks some features found in Bash. Several users express interest in smaller, more specialized shells, including ksh and hush, and discuss the trade-offs between size, features, and compliance. The thread also touches upon licensing considerations, static linking, and the practicality of using different shells for various tasks within a system.
Itter.sh is a minimalist micro-blogging platform accessed entirely through the terminal. It supports basic features like posting, replying, following users, and viewing timelines. The focus is on simplicity and speed, offering a distraction-free text-based interface for sharing short messages and connecting with others. It leverages Gemini protocol for communication, providing a lightweight alternative to web-based social media.
Hacker News users discussed Itter.sh, a terminal-based microblogging platform. Several commenters expressed interest in its minimalist approach and the potential for scripting and automation. Some saw it as a refreshing alternative to mainstream social media, praising its simplicity and focus on text. However, concerns were raised about scalability and the limited audience of terminal users. The reliance on email for notifications was seen as both a positive (privacy-respecting) and negative (potentially inconvenient). A few users suggested potential improvements, like adding support for images or alternative notification methods. Overall, the reaction was cautiously optimistic, with many intrigued by the concept but questioning its long-term viability.
Fui is a lightweight C library designed for directly manipulating the Linux framebuffer within a terminal environment. It provides a simple API for drawing basic shapes, text, and images directly to the screen, bypassing the typical terminal output mechanisms. This allows for creating fast and responsive text-based user interfaces (TUIs) and other graphical elements within the terminal's constraints, offering a performance advantage over traditional terminal drawing methods. Fui aims to be easy to integrate into existing C projects with minimal dependencies.
Hacker News users discuss fui, a C library for framebuffer interaction within a TTY. Several commenters express interest in its potential for creating simple graphical interfaces within a terminal environment and for embedded systems. Some question its practical applications compared to existing solutions like ncurses, highlighting potential limitations in handling complex layouts and input. Others praise the minimalist approach, appreciating its small size and dependency-free nature. The discussion also touches upon the library's suitability for different tasks like creating progress bars or simple games within a terminal and comparing its performance to alternatives. A few commenters share their own experiences using similar framebuffer libraries and offer suggestions for improvements to fui.
MinC is a compact, self-contained POSIX-compliant shell environment for Windows, distinct from Cygwin. It focuses on providing a minimal but functional core of essential Unix utilities, prioritizing speed, small size, and easy integration with native Windows programs. Unlike Cygwin, which aims for a comprehensive Unix-like layer, MinC eschews emulating a full environment, making it faster and lighter. It achieves this by leveraging existing Windows functionality where possible and relying on busybox for its core utilities. This approach makes MinC particularly suitable for tasks like scripting and automation within a Windows context, where a full-fledged Unix environment might be overkill.
Several Hacker News commenters discuss the differences between MinC and Cygwin, primarily focusing on MinC's smaller footprint and simpler approach. Some highlight MinC's benefit for embedded systems or minimal environments where a full Cygwin installation would be overkill. Others mention the licensing differences and the potential advantages of MinC's more permissive BSD license. A few commenters also express interest in the project and its potential applications, while one points out a typo in the original article. The overall sentiment leans towards appreciation for MinC's minimalist philosophy and its suitability for specific use cases.
Pipelining, the ability to chain operations together sequentially, is lauded as an incredibly powerful and expressive programming feature. It simplifies complex transformations by breaking them down into smaller, manageable steps, improving readability and reducing the need for intermediate variables. The author emphasizes how pipelines, particularly when combined with functional programming concepts like pure functions and immutable data, lead to cleaner, more maintainable code. They highlight the efficiency gains, not just in writing but also in comprehension and debugging, as the flow of data becomes explicit and easy to follow. This clarity is especially beneficial when dealing with transformations involving asynchronous operations or error handling.
Hacker News users generally agree with the author's appreciation for pipelining, finding it elegant and efficient. Several commenters highlight its power for simplifying complex data transformations and improving code readability. Some discuss the benefits of using specific pipeline implementations like Clojure's threading macros or shell pipes. A few point out potential downsides, such as debugging complexity with deeply nested pipelines, and suggest moderation in their use. The merits of different pipeline styles (e.g., F#'s backwards pipe vs. Elixir's forward pipe) are also debated. Overall, the comments reinforce the idea that pipelining, when used judiciously, is a valuable tool for writing cleaner and more maintainable code.
Vi, born from the ashes of the ed editor, was created by Bill Joy in 1976. Seeking a more visual and interactive editing experience, Joy leveraged the ex editor, adding the visual mode which became the defining characteristic of "vi" (visual). Later, Bram Moolenaar picked up the torch, porting Vi to the Amiga and significantly expanding its functionality, including multi-level undo, support for multiple files and windows, and an extensible plugin system. This enhanced version became Vim (Vi IMproved), evolving from a simple visual editor into a powerful and highly customizable text editor used by generations of programmers and developers.
HN commenters discuss the evolution of Vi and Vim, praising the editor's modal editing, efficiency, and ubiquity in *nix systems. Several share personal anecdotes about their introduction to and continued use of Vim, highlighting its steep learning curve but ultimate power. Some discuss Bram Moolenaar's influence and the editor's open-source nature. The discussion also touches on the differences between Vi and Vim, Vim's extensibility through plugins, and its enduring popularity despite the emergence of modern alternatives. A few commenters mention the challenges of using Vim's modal editing in collaborative settings or with certain workflows.
Christopher Drum has ported Infocom's Z-machine, specifically the Unix version 1.1, to a single executable using Cosmopolitan Libc. This allows classic Infocom text adventures, which were originally designed for various platforms, to run natively on modern operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD) without emulation or VMs. The porting process involved minimal code changes, primarily focused on resolving system call discrepancies between the original Unix environment and Cosmopolitan's compatibility layer. This approach leverages Cosmopolitan's ability to build statically linked, universally compatible executables, effectively "resurrecting" these classic games for contemporary systems while preserving their original codebase.
Hacker News users generally praised the project for its clever use of Cosmopolitan Libc to create truly portable Z-machine binaries. Several commenters expressed nostalgia for Infocom games and appreciated the effort to preserve them. Some discussed the technical aspects, like the benefits of static linking and the challenges of porting old code. A few users offered suggestions, such as adding features like save/restore functionality and improving the command-line interface. One commenter pointed out the potential for running these games on embedded systems thanks to Cosmopolitan's small footprint. The overall sentiment was positive, with many excited about the possibility of playing classic text adventures on modern and diverse platforms.
The author details their method for installing and managing personal versions of software on Unix systems, emphasizing a clean, organized approach. They create a dedicated directory within their home folder (e.g., ~/software) to house all personally installed programs. Within this directory, each program gets its own subdirectory, containing the source code, build artifacts, and the compiled binaries. Critically, they manage dependencies by either statically linking them or bundling them within the program's directory. Finally, they modify their shell's PATH environment variable to prioritize these personal installations over system-wide versions, enabling easy access and preventing conflicts. This method allows for running multiple versions of the same software concurrently and simplifies upgrading or removing personally installed programs.
HN commenters largely appreciate the author's approach of compiling and managing personal software installations in their home directory, praising it as clean, organized, and a good way to avoid dependency conflicts or polluting system directories. Several suggest using tools like stow or GNU Stow for simplified management of this setup, allowing easy enabling/disabling of different software versions. Some discuss alternatives like Nix, Guix, or containers, offering more robust isolation. Others caution against potential downsides like increased compile times and the need for careful dependency management, especially for libraries. A few commenters mention difficulties encountered with specific tools or libraries in this type of personalized setup.
The author argues that man pages themselves are a valuable and well-structured source of information, contrary to popular complaints. The problem, they contend, lies with the default man reader, which uses less, hindering navigation and readability. They suggest alternatives like mandoc with a pager like less -R or specialized man page viewers for a better experience. Ultimately, the author champions the efficient and comprehensive nature of man pages when presented effectively, highlighting their consistent organization and advocating for improved tooling to access them.
HN commenters largely agree with the author's premise that man pages are a valuable resource, but the tools for accessing them are often clunky. Several commenters point to the difficulty of navigating long man pages, especially on mobile devices or when searching for specific flags or options. Suggestions for improvement include better search functionality within man pages, more concise summaries at the beginning, and alternative formatting like collapsible sections. tldr and cheat are frequently mentioned as useful alternatives for quick reference. Some disagree, arguing that man pages' inherent structure, while sometimes verbose, makes them comprehensive and adaptable to different output formats. Others suggest the problem lies with discoverability, and tools like apropos should be highlighted more. A few commenters even advocate for generating man pages automatically from source code docstrings.
This blog post explores the architecture and evolution of Darwin, Apple's open-source operating system foundation, and its XNU kernel. It explains how Darwin, built upon the Mach microkernel, incorporates components from BSD and Apple's own I/O Kit. The post details the hybrid kernel approach of XNU, combining the message-passing benefits of a microkernel with the performance advantages of a monolithic kernel. It discusses key XNU subsystems like the process manager, memory manager, file system, and networking stack, highlighting the interplay between Mach and BSD layers. The post also traces Darwin's history, from its NeXTSTEP origins through its evolution into macOS, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS, emphasizing the platform's adaptability and performance.
Hacker News users generally praised the article for its clarity and depth in explaining a complex topic. Several commenters with kernel development experience validated the information presented, noting its accuracy and helpfulness for understanding the evolution of XNU. Some discussion arose around specific architectural choices made by Apple, including the Mach microkernel and its interaction with the BSD environment. One commenter highlighted the performance benefits of the hybrid kernel approach, while others expressed interest in the challenges of maintaining such a system. A few users also pointed out areas where the article could be expanded, such as delving further into I/O Kit details and exploring the security implications of the XNU architecture.
The Unix Magic Poster provides a visual guide to essential Unix commands, organized by category and interconnected to illustrate their relationships. It covers file and directory manipulation, process management, text processing, networking, and system information retrieval, aiming to be a quick reference for both beginners and experienced users. The poster emphasizes practical usage by showcasing common command combinations and options, effectively demonstrating how to accomplish various tasks on a Unix-like system. Its interconnectedness highlights the composability and modularity that are central to the Unix philosophy, encouraging users to combine simple commands into powerful workflows.
Commenters on Hacker News largely praised the Unix Magic poster and its annotated version, finding it both nostalgic and informative. Several shared personal anecdotes about their early experiences with Unix and how resources like this poster were invaluable learning tools. Some pointed out specific commands or sections they found particularly useful or interesting, like the explanation of tee or the history of different shells. A few commenters offered minor corrections or suggestions for improvement, such as adding more context around certain commands or expanding on the networking section. Overall, the sentiment was overwhelmingly positive, with many expressing appreciation for the effort put into creating and annotating the poster.
The order of files within /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ directly impacts how OpenSSH's sshd daemon interprets its configuration. The daemon reads files alphabetically, applying settings sequentially. This means later files can override earlier ones, leading to unexpected behavior if not carefully managed. A common example is setting PasswordAuthentication no in a later file, negating an earlier file's Match block intended to allow password logins for specific users or groups. Therefore, understanding and controlling file order in this directory is crucial for predictable and reliable SSH configuration.
Hacker News users discuss the implications of sshd_config.d file ordering, mostly agreeing it's a surprising but important detail. Several commenters highlight the potential for misconfigurations and debugging difficulties due to this behavior. One user shares a personal anecdote of troubleshooting an issue caused by this very problem, emphasizing the practical impact. Others point out the lack of clear documentation on this behavior in the man pages, suggesting it's a common pitfall. The discussion also touches upon alternative configuration approaches, like using a single file or employing tools like Puppet or Ansible to manage configurations more predictably. Some users express surprise that later files override earlier ones, contrary to their expectations. The overall sentiment reinforces the importance of awareness and careful management of sshd configuration files.
InitWare is a portable init system inspired by systemd, designed to function across multiple operating systems, including Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD. It aims to provide a familiar systemd-like experience and API on these platforms while remaining lightweight and configurable. The project utilizes a combination of C and POSIX sh for portability and reimplements core systemd functionalities like service management, device management, and login management. InitWare seeks to offer a viable alternative to traditional init systems on BSDs and a more streamlined and potentially faster option compared to full systemd on Linux.
Hacker News users discussed InitWare, a portable systemd fork, with a mix of skepticism and curiosity. Some questioned the value proposition, given the maturity and ubiquity of systemd, wondering if the project addressed a real need or was a solution in search of a problem. Others expressed concerns about maintaining compatibility across different operating systems and the potential for fragmentation. However, some commenters were intrigued by the possibility of a more lightweight and portable init system, particularly for embedded systems or specialized use cases where systemd might be overkill. Several users also inquired about specific technical details, like the handling of cgroups and service management, demonstrating a genuine interest in the project's approach. The overall sentiment leaned towards cautious observation, with many waiting to see if InitWare could carve out a niche or offer tangible benefits over existing solutions.
The Ncurses library provides an API for creating text-based user interfaces in a terminal-independent manner. It handles screen painting, input, and window management, abstracting away low-level details like terminal capabilities. Ncurses builds upon the older Curses library, offering enhancements and broader compatibility. Key features include window creation and manipulation, formatted output with color and attributes, handling keyboard and mouse input, and supporting various terminal types. The library simplifies tasks like creating menus, dialog boxes, and other interactive elements commonly found in text-based applications. By using Ncurses, developers can write portable code that works across different operating systems and terminal emulators without modification.
Hacker News users discussing the ncurses intro document generally praised it as a good resource, especially for beginners. Some appreciated the historical context provided, while others highlighted the clarity and practicality of the tutorial. One commenter mentioned using it to learn ncurses for a project, showcasing its real-world applicability. Several comments pointed out modern alternatives like FTXUI (C++) and blessed-contrib (JS), acknowledging ncurses' age but also its continued relevance and wide usage in existing tools. A few users discussed the benefits of text-based UIs, citing speed, remote accessibility, and lower resource requirements.
Lynx, a text-based web browser initially released in 1992, holds the distinction of being the oldest web browser still actively maintained. While its text-only interface might seem antiquated in today's graphical web, Lynx continues to be updated and supported, providing a unique and efficient way to access web content. Its simplicity makes it ideal for users with low bandwidth or accessibility needs, and its focus on text allows for a distraction-free browsing experience. The enduring development of Lynx demonstrates the enduring value of accessible and fundamental browsing technology.
The Hacker News comments discuss Lynx's enduring relevance and unique position as a text-based browser. Several commenters highlight its usefulness for tasks like scripting, accessing websites with complex JavaScript, or simply experiencing the web in a different way. Some appreciate its speed and efficiency, particularly on low-bandwidth connections. Others discuss its accessibility benefits for visually impaired users. A few commenters share their nostalgic memories of using Lynx in the early days of the internet. The discussion also touches on the technical aspects of Lynx's development and maintenance, including its portability and small codebase. A recurring theme is the contrast between Lynx's minimalist approach and the feature-bloated nature of modern browsers.
The blog post highlights the DEC Professional 380's strengths as a retrocomputing platform, specifically its ability to run the PRO/VENIX operating system. The author successfully installed and showcases PRO/VENIX 2.0 on the 380, demonstrating its impressive speed and functionality compared to the standard P/OS. The post emphasizes the sleek and responsive nature of PRO/VENIX, particularly its windowing system and overall performance improvements, making the 380 feel like a more modern machine. The author concludes that PRO/VENIX significantly enhances the user experience and opens up new possibilities for the DEC Professional 380.
Hacker News users discuss the DEC Professional 380, primarily focusing on its historical significance and the PRO/VENIX operating system. Several commenters reminisce about using the machine, praising its then-advanced features and performance. Some highlight its role in bridging the gap between minicomputers and personal computers. The robustness of the hardware and the positive experience with PRO/VENIX are recurring themes. There's also mention of its connection to the VT100 terminal and how the 380 compared to other systems like the IBM PC and the Apple II. A few commenters express surprise at the system's relative obscurity, given its capabilities.
"The Night Watch" argues that modern operating systems are overly complex and difficult to secure due to the accretion of features and legacy code. It proposes a "clean-slate" approach, advocating for simpler, more formally verifiable microkernels. This would entail moving much of the OS functionality into user space, enabling better isolation and fault containment. While acknowledging the challenges of such a radical shift, including performance concerns and the enormous effort required to rebuild the software ecosystem, the paper contends that the long-term benefits of improved security and reliability outweigh the costs. It emphasizes that the current trajectory of increasingly complex OSes is unsustainable and that a fundamental rethinking of system design is crucial to address the growing security threats facing modern computing.
HN users discuss James Mickens' humorous USENIX keynote, "The Night Watch," focusing on its entertaining delivery and insightful points about the complexities and frustrations of systems work. Several commenters praise Mickens' unique presentation style and the relatable nature of his anecdotes about debugging, legacy code, and the challenges of managing distributed systems. Some highlight specific memorable quotes and jokes, appreciating the blend of humor and technical depth. Others reflect on the timeless nature of the talk, noting how the issues discussed remain relevant years later. A few commenters express interest in seeing a video recording of the presentation.
The PuTTY iconography uses a stylized computer terminal displaying a kawaii face, representing the software's friendly nature despite its powerful functionality. The different icons distinguish PuTTY's various tools through color and added imagery. For instance, PSCP (secure copy) features a document with a downward arrow, while PSFTP (secure file transfer protocol) shows a pair of opposing arrows, symbolizing bi-directional transfer. The colors roughly correspond to the traffic light system, with green for connection tools (PuTTY, Plink), amber for file transfer tools (PSCP, PSFTP), and red for key generation (PuTTYgen). The overall design prioritizes simplicity and memorability over strict adherence to real-world terminal appearances or symbolic representation.
Hacker News users discuss Simon Tatham's blog post explaining the iconography of PuTTY's various tools. Several commenters express appreciation for Tatham's clear and detailed explanations, finding the rationale behind the choices both interesting and amusing. Some discuss alternative iconography they've encountered or imagined, while others praise Tatham's software and development style more generally, citing his focus on simplicity and functionality. A few users share anecdotes of misinterpreting the icons in the past, highlighting the effectiveness of Tatham's explanations in clarifying their meaning. The overall sentiment reflects admiration for Tatham's meticulous approach to software design, even down to the smallest details like icon choices.
This blog post presents a revised and more robust method for invoking raw OpenBSD system calls directly from C code, bypassing the standard C library. It improves upon a previous example by handling variable-length argument lists and demonstrating how to package those arguments correctly for system calls. The core improvement involves using assembly code to dynamically construct the system call arguments on the stack and then execute the syscall instruction. This allows for a more general and flexible approach compared to hardcoding argument handling for each specific system call. The provided code example demonstrates this technique with the getpid() system call.
Several Hacker News commenters discuss the impracticality of the raw syscall demo, questioning its real-world usefulness and emphasizing that libraries like libc exist for a reason. Some appreciated the technical depth and the exploration of low-level system interaction, viewing it as an interesting educational exercise. One commenter suggested the demo could be useful for specialized scenarios like writing a dynamic linker or a microkernel. There was also a brief discussion about the performance implications and the idea that bypassing libc wouldn't necessarily result in significant speed improvements, and might even be slower in some cases. Some users also debated the portability of the code and suggested alternative methods for achieving similar results.
This 1989 Xerox PARC paper argues that Unix, despite its strengths, suffers from a fragmented environment hindering programmer productivity. It lacks a unifying framework integrating tools and information, forcing developers to grapple with disparate interfaces and manually manage dependencies. The paper proposes an integrated environment, similar to Smalltalk or Interlisp, built upon a shared repository and incorporating features like browsing, version control, configuration management, and debugging within a consistent user interface. This would streamline the software development process by automating tedious tasks, improving code reuse, and fostering better communication among developers. The authors advocate for moving beyond the Unix philosophy of small, independent tools towards a more cohesive and interactive system that supports the entire software lifecycle.
Hacker News users discussing the Xerox PARC paper lament the lack of a truly integrated computing environment, even decades later. Several commenters highlight the continued relevance of the paper's criticisms of Unix's fragmented toolset and the persistent challenges in achieving seamless interoperability. Some point to Smalltalk as an example of a more integrated system, while others mention Lisp Machines and Oberon. The discussion also touches upon the trade-offs between integration and modularity, with some arguing that Unix's modularity, while contributing to its fragmentation, is also a key strength. Others note the influence of the internet and the web, suggesting that these technologies shifted the focus away from tightly integrated desktop environments. There's a general sense of nostalgia for the vision presented in the paper and a recognition of the ongoing struggle to achieve a truly unified computing experience.
Vtm is a terminal-based desktop environment built with Python and inspired by tiling window managers. It aims to provide a lightweight and keyboard-driven workflow, allowing users to manage multiple terminal windows within a single terminal instance. Vtm utilizes a tree-like structure for window organization, enabling split layouts and tabbed interfaces. Its configuration is handled through a simple Python file, offering customization options for keybindings, colors, and startup applications. Ultimately, Vtm strives to offer a minimalist and efficient terminal experience for users who prefer a text-based environment.
Hacker News users discuss vtm, a text-based desktop environment, focusing on its potential niche use cases. Some commenters see value in its minimal resource usage for embedded systems or as a fallback interface. Others appreciate the accessibility benefits for visually impaired users or those who prefer keyboard-driven workflows. Several express interest in trying vtm out of curiosity or for specific tasks like remote server administration. A few highlight the project's novelty and the nostalgic appeal of text-based interfaces. Some skepticism is voiced regarding its practicality compared to modern graphical DEs, but the overall sentiment is positive, with many praising the developer's effort and acknowledging the potential value of such a project. A discussion arises about the use of terminology, clarifying the difference between a window manager and a desktop environment. The lightweight nature of vtm and its integration with notcurses are also highlighted.
Bcvi allows running a full-screen vi editor session over a limited bandwidth or high-latency connection, such as a serial console or SSH connection with significant lag. It achieves this by using a "back-channel" to send screen updates efficiently. Instead of redrawing the entire screen for every change, bcvi only transmits the differences, leading to a significantly more responsive experience. This makes editing files remotely over constrained connections practical, providing a near-native vi experience even with limited bandwidth. The back-channel can be another SSH connection or even a separate serial port, providing flexibility in setup.
Hacker News users discuss the cleverness and potential uses of bcvi, particularly for embedded systems debugging. Some express admiration for the ingenuity of using the back channel for editing, highlighting its usefulness when other methods are unavailable. Others question the practicality due to potential slowness and limitations, suggesting alternatives like ed. A few commenters reminisce about using similar techniques in the past, emphasizing the historical context of this approach within resource-constrained environments. Some discuss potential security implications, pointing out that the back channel could be vulnerable to manipulation. Overall, the comments appreciate the technical ingenuity while acknowledging the niche appeal of bcvi.
1984 saw the rise of networked filesystems like NFS, which offered performance comparable to local filesystems, and the introduction of the Andrew File System (AFS), designed for large-scale distributed environments with client-side caching and whole-file serving. Research focused on improving performance and reliability, with log-structured filesystems like LFS emerging to optimize write operations. Additionally, the standardization of file systems continued, with work on the ISO 9660 standard for CD-ROMs solidifying the format's widespread adoption. This year highlighted the increasing importance of networking and the evolving demands placed upon file systems for both performance and portability.
The Hacker News comments discuss the blog post's focus on the early days of networked filesystems, particularly NFS. Several commenters share their own experiences with early NFS, highlighting its initial slow performance and eventual improvements. Some discuss the influence of Sun Microsystems and the rise of distributed systems. Others delve into technical details like caching, consistency models, and the challenges of implementing distributed locks. A few comments compare NFS to other contemporary filesystems and contemplate the enduring relevance of some of the challenges faced in the 1980s. There's a general appreciation for the historical perspective offered by the blog post.
The post details the author's successful, albeit challenging, experience installing NetBSD 9.0 on a Sun JavaStation Network Computer (NC). The JavaStation's limited resources and unusual architecture, including its use of a microSPARC IIep processor and a small amount of RAM, presented various hurdles. These included needing to create custom boot floppies and finding compatible network drivers. Despite these difficulties, the author achieved a functional NetBSD installation, showcasing the operating system's portability and the author's persistence. The experience also highlighted the resourcefulness required to repurpose older hardware and the satisfaction of breathing new life into vintage computing platforms.
Commenters on Hacker News largely expressed nostalgia for JavaStations and Sun hardware, reminiscing about their quirks and limitations. Several appreciated the author's dedication to getting NetBSD running on such an unusual and constrained platform. Some discussed the challenges of working with the JavaStation's architecture, including its small amount of RAM and unusual graphics setup. Others shared their own experiences using JavaStations and similar thin clients, with some mentioning their use in educational settings. A few commenters also delved into technical details, discussing the specifics of NetBSD's compatibility and the process of getting X11 functioning.
Summary of Comments ( 13 )
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44144308
HN commenters generally found the author's use of
edas a static site generator to be an interesting, albeit impractical, exercise. Several pointed out the inherent limitations and difficulties of using such a primitive tool for this purpose, especially regarding maintainability and scalability. Some appreciated the novelty and minimalism, viewing it as a fun, albeit extreme, example of "using the right tool for the wrong job." Others suggested alternative, simpler tools likesedorawkthat would offer similar minimalism with slightly less complexity. A few expressed concern over the author's seemingly flippant attitude towards practicality, worrying it might mislead newcomers into thinking this is a reasonable approach to web development. The overall tone was one of amused skepticism, acknowledging the technical ingenuity while questioning its real-world applicability.The Hacker News post titled "Using Ed(1) as My Static Site Generator" linking to the article https://aartaka.me/this-post-is-ed.html has several comments discussing the author's unconventional approach to using the venerable
edtext editor as a static site generator.Several commenters expressed appreciation for the author's ingenuity and minimalist approach. One user highlighted the elegance of using such a basic tool for a seemingly complex task, emphasizing the beauty in simplicity. Another commenter jokingly likened the method to using a rock as a hammer, acknowledging its unconventional nature but admiring its effectiveness. The sentiment of appreciating the hack, even if not practical, was echoed by several others.
A thread of discussion revolved around the practicality and efficiency of the method. Some users questioned the scalability of the
ed-based system, particularly for larger websites, expressing concerns about managing a large number of files and the potential for complexity to increase with site growth. Counterarguments pointed to the fact that the author explicitly mentioned this setup being for a small, personal website, implying that scalability wasn't a primary concern.The discussion then delved into alternative minimalist approaches to static site generation. Some users mentioned simpler static site generators, suggesting tools like
awkor even shell scripts could achieve similar results with less complexity. Others highlighted the existence of dedicated static site generators designed for minimalism and speed. This led to a comparison of different tools and their respective strengths and weaknesses, focusing on simplicity, performance, and ease of use.Some comments also focused on the technical aspects of the author's
edscript. Users discussed the specific commands used and explored potential improvements or alternative approaches within theedframework. There was even some discussion of the history and capabilities ofed, demonstrating the technical depth of the Hacker News community.Finally, a few commenters mentioned the nostalgic aspect of using
ed, reminiscing about their early experiences with the tool and its historical significance in the Unix ecosystem. This added a personal touch to the technical discussion, highlighting the enduring appeal of classic Unix tools.