Facing a shortage of skilled tradespeople and a growing recognition of the value of hands-on learning, high schools across the U.S. are reviving shop classes. These modernized programs, often incorporating advanced technologies like robotics and 3D printing alongside traditional woodworking and metalworking, aim to equip students with practical skills applicable to various industries. The resurgence is driven by employer demand, student interest in alternatives to college, and a desire to foster problem-solving abilities and critical thinking. These revamped shop classes offer pathways to well-paying jobs directly after graduation or provide a foundation for further technical education.
Young men in their 20s in the UK are now earning less on average than their female counterparts, reversing a historical pay gap. This shift is largely attributed to women's increased university attendance and graduation rates, particularly in higher-paying fields, while men's educational attainment has stagnated. The decline in traditionally male-dominated industries, coupled with the rise of sectors favoring higher education, has left many young men without the qualifications needed for well-paying jobs. This trend is most pronounced in London, and raises concerns about the long-term economic prospects for this generation of men.
Hacker News commenters discuss potential reasons for the pay gap described in the article, including occupational choices, risk tolerance, and work-life balance prioritization. Some dispute the premise, arguing that comparing all men to all women is misleading and suggest controlling for factors like career choice would yield a different result. Others highlight societal pressures and expectations influencing men's and women's career paths. The role of education, particularly the higher proportion of women in university, is also debated, with some suggesting this contributes to women's higher earning potential early in their careers. Several commenters point to the lack of support systems for men and boys, particularly in education, as a contributing factor to their lagging behind. The overall sentiment appears to be a mix of skepticism towards the article's conclusions and genuine concern about the underlying issues raised.
Anthropic has introduced the Anthropic Economic Index (AEI), a new metric designed to track the economic impact of future AI models. The AEI measures how much value AI systems can generate across a variety of economically relevant tasks, including coding, writing, and math. It uses benchmarks based on real-world datasets and tasks, aiming to provide a more concrete and quantifiable measure of AI progress than traditional metrics. Anthropic hopes the AEI will be a valuable tool for researchers, policymakers, and the public to understand and anticipate the potential economic transformations driven by advancements in AI.
HN commenters discuss Anthropic's Economic Index, expressing skepticism about its methodology and usefulness. Several question the reliance on GPT-4, pointing out its limitations and potential biases. The small sample size and limited scope of tasks are also criticized, with some suggesting the index might simply reflect GPT-4's training data. Others argue that human economic activity is too complex to be captured by such a simplistic benchmark. The lack of open-sourcing and the proprietary nature of the underlying model also draw criticism, hindering independent verification and analysis. While some find the concept interesting, the overall sentiment is cautious, with many calling for more transparency and rigor before drawing any significant conclusions. A few express concerns about the potential for AI to replace human labor, echoing themes from the original article.
"The Licensing Racket," by Philip Hamburger, exposes the pervasive and often absurd world of occupational licensing in America. Hamburger argues that these boards, ostensibly designed to protect the public, frequently serve as protectionist barriers for existing practitioners, stifling competition and harming consumers with higher prices and reduced access to services. He details the often arbitrary and onerous requirements imposed on aspiring professionals, from florists and interior designers to fortune tellers, illustrating how these regulations disproportionately impact lower-income individuals seeking economic advancement. The book ultimately calls for a reassessment of the necessity and scope of occupational licensing, advocating for deregulation and a return to more open markets.
Hacker News users generally agree with the premise of the WSJ article, lamenting the excessive licensing requirements across various professions. Several commenters share personal anecdotes of burdensome and seemingly pointless licensing procedures. Some highlight the anti-competitive nature of these boards, suggesting they serve primarily to protect established professionals and inflate prices. Others point to the variability of licensing requirements across states as further evidence of their arbitrary nature. A few commenters discuss potential solutions, including deregulation and national reciprocity agreements, while acknowledging the difficulty of implementing meaningful reform. The discussion also touches upon the historical context of licensing, with some suggesting it originated as a way to ensure quality and protect consumers, but has since morphed into a protectionist racket.
Summary of Comments ( 62 )
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43232087
Hacker News users generally lauded the return of shop class, citing the value of hands-on learning, problem-solving skills, and exposure to trades. Several commenters shared personal anecdotes about how shop class positively influenced their career paths, even if they didn't pursue a trade directly. Some expressed concern about the cost and difficulty of implementing these programs effectively, including the need for qualified instructors and adequate safety measures. The importance of incorporating modern technology like CAD and 3D printing into shop curriculum was also discussed. A few commenters cautioned against viewing shop class as a solution for all students, emphasizing the need for diverse educational pathways. There was also some discussion of the societal shift away from valuing vocational skills and how its resurgence could address the current skilled labor shortage.
The Hacker News post "Schools reviving shop class," linking to a Wall Street Journal article about the resurgence of shop classes, generated a significant number of comments discussing various facets of this trend.
Many commenters expressed strong support for shop classes, emphasizing the value of hands-on learning and the development of practical skills. They argued that these classes provide a valuable alternative learning pathway for students who might not thrive in traditional academic settings. Several users shared personal anecdotes about how shop class positively impacted their lives and careers, even if they didn't pursue trades directly. The sentiment that these classes teach valuable problem-solving skills and a sense of accomplishment was prevalent. Some also highlighted the importance of shop class in fostering an appreciation for craftsmanship and the workings of the physical world.
A recurring theme in the discussion was the perceived decline of shop classes in past decades and the societal factors that contributed to it. Some attributed the decline to an overemphasis on college preparation and a devaluation of vocational skills. Others pointed to budget cuts and shifting educational priorities. The current revival of shop class was seen as a positive corrective to these trends, reflecting a renewed recognition of the importance of trade skills and the need for a more diverse educational landscape.
Several commenters discussed the practical aspects of implementing and sustaining shop programs. Concerns were raised about the costs of equipment and materials, the need for qualified instructors, and the challenges of integrating shop classes into existing curricula. Some suggested partnerships with local businesses and community organizations as a way to address these challenges. The importance of safety training and proper supervision was also emphasized.
A few commenters offered more nuanced perspectives on the topic. Some cautioned against romanticizing shop class or viewing it as a panacea for all educational woes. They argued that a balanced approach is needed, one that values both academic and vocational skills. Others pointed out that the nature of shop class has evolved over time, with new technologies and manufacturing processes requiring updated curricula and equipment. The need for shop classes to adapt to the changing demands of the 21st-century workforce was a recurring point of discussion. Finally, some commenters linked the resurgence of shop class to broader trends like the maker movement and the growing interest in DIY culture.