Researchers at Nagoya University have found that a specific, broadband sound, dubbed "pink noise," can reduce motion sickness symptoms. In a driving simulator experiment, participants exposed to pink noise experienced significantly less severe symptoms compared to those who listened to no sound or white noise. The study suggests that pink noise may suppress the conflict between visual and vestibular sensory information, which is believed to be the primary cause of motion sickness. This discovery could lead to new non-invasive methods for alleviating motion sickness in various situations, such as in vehicles or virtual reality environments.
Oda Ujiharu, a Sengoku-era warlord often dubbed the "weakest," is surprisingly remembered fondly in Japan, not for military prowess, but for his peaceful and clever governance. Faced with the overwhelming power of Oda Nobunaga, Ujiharu recognized his inevitable defeat and prioritized the well-being of his people. Instead of futile resistance, he negotiated surrender terms that preserved their lives and livelihoods, even securing a comfortable retirement for himself. This act of selflessness and pragmatic leadership, prioritizing his people over personal glory, cemented his legacy as a benevolent and wise ruler, a stark contrast to the era's often brutal warlords.
HN commenters generally found the story of Oda Ujiharu heartwarming and appreciated learning about a historical figure who prioritized his people's well-being over personal glory. Several highlighted the contrast between Ujiharu's compassionate leadership and the typical ruthlessness often associated with warlords. Some debated the accuracy of the "weakest" label, arguing that his pragmatic choices demonstrated strength and wisdom. A few commenters also pointed out the story's relevance to modern leadership and its potential lessons for business and management. One compelling comment suggested that Ujiharu's enduring popularity stems from a cultural appreciation for humility and the quiet strength of choosing peace, especially in a society that historically valued martial prowess. Another insightful comment connected Ujiharu's actions to the concept of "noblesse oblige," arguing that his sense of responsibility towards his people drove his decisions.
The Substack post "Photographs of 19th Century Japan" showcases a curated collection of images offering a glimpse into life in Japan during the Meiji era and late Edo period. These photographs, many hand-colored, depict a range of subjects, from landscapes and cityscapes to portraits of individuals and scenes of daily life. The collection illustrates a period of significant transition in Japan, bridging the traditional world with the burgeoning influences of modernization. The curated imagery emphasizes the beauty and unique cultural aspects of Japan during this historical timeframe.
Hacker News users discuss the captivating nature of the linked photographs, appreciating the glimpse into everyday life in 19th-century Japan. Several commenters express fascination with the clothing and hairstyles depicted, with some noting the apparent mix of traditional Japanese and Western styles. The quality of the photographs, especially considering their age, is also a point of admiration. One commenter points out the poignancy of these images, representing people who lived entirely different lives, yet shared the same human experience. A few users share links to related resources, including other collections of historical Japanese photographs and information on the photographic techniques of the time.
Japanese scientists have developed a new type of plastic that dissolves completely in seawater within a matter of hours, leaving no harmful microplastics behind. This biodegradable plastic, made from cellulose nanofibers and a bio-based polymer, disintegrates rapidly in alkaline conditions similar to ocean water, offering a potential solution to plastic pollution. Unlike conventional biodegradable plastics that require high temperatures for composting, this new material breaks down in regular seawater, making it suitable for a wider range of applications.
Hacker News commenters express skepticism about the new plastic's viability. Several question the practicality of a material that dissolves in seawater for applications like fishing nets, given the constant exposure to saltwater. Others raise concerns about the potential for accidental dissolution due to rain or humidity, and the lack of clarity regarding the byproducts of the dissolving process and their environmental impact. Some doubt the feasibility of large-scale production and cost-effectiveness, while others point out the existing problem of managing plastic waste already in the ocean, suggesting that focusing on biodegradable plastics might be a better long-term solution. There's also discussion about the ambiguity of the term "dissolves" and the need for more rigorous scientific data before drawing conclusions about its effectiveness. Finally, some suggest alternative uses for this type of plastic, such as dissolvable sutures or temporary structures.
Japanese scientists have successfully used induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells to treat spinal cord injuries in monkeys, achieving significant functional recovery. The team transplanted iPS cell-derived neural precursor cells into monkeys with spinal cord lesions. This treatment led to improvements in limb function, allowing the monkeys to regain the ability to walk on a treadmill with support within six weeks. While the research is still pre-clinical, it represents a promising step towards developing effective stem cell therapies for human spinal cord injuries.
Hacker News users discussed the potential impact and limitations of the stem cell treatment highlighted in the linked article. Some expressed cautious optimism, emphasizing the early stage of the research and the need for larger, longer-term studies to confirm the efficacy and safety of the treatment. Others pointed to previous instances of promising stem cell therapies that ultimately failed to deliver in larger trials. A few commenters discussed the regulatory hurdles and the potential cost of such a treatment if it becomes widely available. Several users also questioned the specific type of stem cells used and the mechanism of action, wishing the article provided more scientific detail. The general sentiment leaned towards cautious hope tempered by a realistic understanding of the complexities of translating early research findings into effective clinical treatments.
From 1952 to 1967, Japan experienced a "Golden Age" of pencil production, driven by post-war economic recovery and a surge in education. This period saw a proliferation of high-quality pencils, featuring innovative designs, premium materials like incense cedar, and meticulous craftsmanship. Manufacturers like Mitsubishi, Tombow, and Pentel competed fiercely, resulting in a diverse range of pencils catering to writing, drawing, and even carpentry. This era solidified Japan's reputation for producing some of the world's finest pencils, a legacy that continues to influence pencil manufacturing today.
Hacker News users discuss the nostalgic appeal of vintage Japanese pencils, some sharing personal experiences and preferences for specific brands like Tombow Mono 100 and Mitsubishi Hi-Uni. Several commenters highlight the article's focus on the manufacturing quality and materials used during this "golden age," noting the superior graphite and wood compared to modern pencils. Others discuss the decline in quality of contemporary pencils and theorize about reasons for this shift, citing factors like cost-cutting measures and changing consumer demand. There's also a brief discussion about the current pencil market, with mentions of Palomino Blackwing pencils as a higher-end modern option. Finally, some users express interest in the broader history of stationery and pencil manufacturing, prompting shared links to relevant resources.
This YouTube video showcases a Toshiba BW-2112, a Japanese typewriter from the 1980s. The video demonstrates the typewriter's various functions, including typing in Japanese using katakana and hiragana, as well as English letters and numbers. The presenter highlights the machine's unique features like the half-space key, margin settings, and correction capabilities. They also demonstrate changing the ribbon and the overall operation of the typewriter, emphasizing its compact and portable design.
HN users generally enjoyed the video showcasing the Toshiba BW-2112 typewriter, praising its design, sound, and the creator's obvious enthusiasm. Several commenters reminisced about using typewriters, highlighting the satisfying tactile experience and the focus they demanded. Some discussed the typewriter's specific features, like the unique key spacing and the half-space key. A few users expressed interest in finding a similar model, and others shared links to resources for typewriter enthusiasts. One compelling comment thread debated the practicality of using vintage typewriters today, considering factors like maintenance, ribbon availability, and the lack of editing capabilities.
Talks of a potential $60 billion merger between Nissan and Honda, aimed at creating an automotive powerhouse to rival Toyota, ultimately collapsed due to a clash of corporate cultures and control issues. Nissan, still grappling with internal turmoil following the Carlos Ghosn scandal, was wary of Honda's proposal which would have effectively put Honda in the dominant position. Key disagreements arose concerning leadership structure, operational control, and the future of Nissan's existing alliance with Renault. These irreconcilable differences, coupled with differing views on future technology development strategies, led to the abandonment of the merger discussions.
HN commenters generally agree that cultural clashes were the primary downfall of the Nissan/Honda merger talks. Several pointed to Nissan's internal struggles and legacy issues as a major impediment, suggesting Honda was wise to walk away. Some speculated that Nissan's desire for a more dominant role in the merged entity, despite its weaker position, further complicated negotiations. A few commenters questioned the overall strategic rationale of the merger, particularly given the differing strengths and market focuses of the two companies. Finally, there's some skepticism about the "leak" of the breakdown, with suggestions it might be a strategic move by one or both parties.
Japan's scientific output has declined in recent decades, despite its continued investment in research. To regain its position as a scientific powerhouse, the article argues Japan needs to overhaul its research funding system. This includes shifting from short-term, small grants towards more substantial, long-term funding that encourages risk-taking and ambitious projects. Additionally, reducing bureaucratic burdens, fostering international collaboration, and improving career stability for young researchers are crucial for attracting and retaining top talent. The article emphasizes the importance of prioritizing quality over quantity and promoting a culture of scientific excellence to revitalize Japan's research landscape.
HN commenters discuss Japan's potential for scientific resurgence, contingent on reforming its funding model. Several highlight the stifling effects of short-term grants and the emphasis on seniority over merit, contrasting it with the more dynamic, risk-taking approach in the US. Some suggest Japan's hierarchical culture and risk aversion contribute to the problem. Others point to successful examples of Japanese innovation, arguing that a return to basic research and less bureaucracy could reignite scientific progress. The lack of academic freedom and the pressure to conform are also cited as obstacles to creativity. Finally, some commenters express skepticism about Japan's ability to change its deeply ingrained system.
The article warns against accidentally taking the Tokyo Chuo Rapid Line all the way to its terminus, Takao Station, a mountainous area with limited transportation options, especially late at night. While Takao is a pleasant hiking destination, those intending to stay in Tokyo will find themselves stranded if they miss the last train back. The article advises checking the train's destination diligently and suggests alternative routes back to central Tokyo if stuck, including local Chuo Line trains, buses to Hachioji Station, and, as a last resort, expensive taxis. It emphasizes the importance of planning ahead and being aware of the train schedule to avoid this "station of despair."
Hacker News commenters discuss the impracticalities of the article's advice for someone stranded at Takao Station, the final stop on Tokyo's Chuo Rapid Line. Several point out the lack of available lodging, especially during peak seasons like autumn leaf viewing, making the suggestion to stay overnight unrealistic. Commenters also highlight the limited dining options and late-night closures, contradicting the article's portrayal of abundant food choices. The general sentiment is that the article fails to grasp the reality of the situation, offering unhelpful and potentially misleading information to those unfamiliar with the area. Some suggest the real "despair" is the crowded train ride back during rush hour, while others share personal anecdotes of similar experiences and offer more practical advice, like checking train schedules in advance and considering alternative transportation. The lack of late-night buses is also a recurring theme, emphasizing the limited options available to stranded passengers.
A lonely giant sunfish at the Aquamarine Fukushima aquarium in Japan, who kept mistaking divers for jellyfish (its usual prey), has been given cardboard cutouts of humans for company. The cutouts, placed at the tank's viewing window, aim to acclimate the sunfish to human presence and prevent it from repeatedly bumping into the glass, injuring itself. Staff hope this will help the fish distinguish between humans and its food, improving its wellbeing in captivity.
HN users generally found the story of the lonely sunfish heartwarming. Some expressed skepticism that the fish recognized the cardboard cutouts as "friends," suggesting its behavior was more likely driven by curiosity or a general attraction to stimuli. Others pointed out the anthropomorphic nature of the narrative, cautioning against projecting human emotions onto animals. A few commenters shared personal anecdotes of keeping fish, emphasizing the importance of enrichment and speculating on the fish's potential loneliness. Several found the cardboard cutout solution clever and amusing, with one user jokingly suggesting adding a QR code for donations. The overall sentiment leaned towards appreciation for the aquarium staff's effort to improve the fish's well-being.
Summary of Comments ( 80 )
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43740021
Hacker News users discuss the study with some skepticism, questioning the small sample size (17 participants) and lack of a placebo control. Several commenters express interest in the potential mechanism, wondering if the sound masks disturbing inner ear signals or if it simply provides a distraction. The specific frequency (100Hz) is noted, with speculation about its potential connection to bodily rhythms. Some users share personal anecdotes of using other sensory inputs like ginger or focusing on the horizon to combat motion sickness, while others mention existing solutions like scopolamine patches and wristbands that provide acupressure. A few commenters request more information about the nature of the sound, questioning if it's a pure tone or something more complex. Overall, the comments express a cautious optimism tempered by the need for more rigorous research.
The Hacker News post "A unique sound alleviates motion sickness," linking to a Nagoya University article about using amplitude-modulated white noise to reduce motion sickness, generated a moderate discussion with a few compelling threads.
Several commenters discussed their personal experiences with motion sickness and various remedies they'd tried. One user shared their positive experience with ginger, mentioning it's more effective than Dramamine for them. Another commenter mentioned the effectiveness of scopolamine patches but cautioned about potential side effects like dry mouth. This anecdotal exchange highlighted the varied responses people have to motion sickness treatments and the ongoing search for effective solutions.
A couple of commenters questioned the methodology of the study, particularly the small sample size and the reliance on subjective reporting of nausea. They expressed a desire for more robust research with larger groups and more objective measurements to validate the findings. This skepticism reflects a common sentiment on Hacker News regarding scientific studies, emphasizing the importance of rigorous methodology and replication.
One insightful comment explored the potential connection between motion sickness and the vestibular system, suggesting that the amplitude-modulated white noise might be interfering with conflicting sensory inputs. This comment offered a plausible explanation for the observed effect grounded in physiological principles. Another commenter built on this, speculating that the white noise could be acting as a form of sensory substitution, providing a consistent auditory input to override the confusing signals from the vestibular system.
The discussion also touched upon the potential applications of this technology, with some suggesting its use in virtual reality to mitigate simulator sickness. This highlights the practical implications of the research and its potential to improve user experience in emerging technologies.
Finally, a few commenters expressed interest in trying the method themselves, showcasing the practical nature of the discussion and the desire for accessible solutions to motion sickness. While hopeful, some also acknowledged the need for further research to confirm the initial findings and optimize the application of the amplitude-modulated white noise.