Spice86 is an open-source x86 emulator specifically designed for reverse engineering real-mode DOS programs. It translates original x86 code to C# and dynamically recompiles it, allowing for easy code injection, debugging, and modification. This approach enables stepping through original assembly code while simultaneously observing the corresponding C# code. Spice86 supports running original DOS binaries and offers features like memory inspection, breakpoints, and code patching directly within the emulated environment, making it a powerful tool for understanding and analyzing legacy software. It focuses on achieving high accuracy in emulation rather than speed, aiming to facilitate deep analysis of the original code's behavior.
The blog post details how the author lost access to a BitLocker-encrypted drive due to a Secure Boot policy change, even with the correct password. The TPM chip, responsible for storing the BitLocker recovery key, perceived the modified Secure Boot state as a potential security breach and refused to release the key. This highlighted a vulnerability in relying solely on the TPM for BitLocker recovery, especially when dual-booting or making system configuration changes. The author emphasizes the importance of backing up recovery keys outside the TPM, as recovery through Microsoft's account proved difficult and unhelpful in this specific scenario. Ultimately, the data remained inaccessible despite possessing the password and knowing the modifications made to the system.
HN commenters generally concur with the article's premise that relying solely on BitLocker without additional security measures like a TPM or Secure Boot can be risky. Several point out how easy it is to modify boot order or boot from external media to bypass BitLocker, effectively rendering it useless against a physically present attacker. Some commenters discuss alternative full-disk encryption solutions like Veracrypt, emphasizing its open-source nature and stronger security features. The discussion also touches upon the importance of pre-boot authentication, the limitations of relying solely on software-based security, and the practical considerations for different threat models. A few commenters share personal anecdotes of BitLocker failures or vulnerabilities they've encountered, further reinforcing the author's points. Overall, the prevailing sentiment suggests a healthy skepticism towards BitLocker's security when used without supporting hardware protections.
Summary of Comments ( 2 )
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43116112
Hacker News users discussed Spice86's unique approach to x86 emulation, focusing on its dynamic recompilation for real mode and its use in reverse engineering. Some praised its ability to handle complex scenarios like self-modifying code and TSR programs, features often lacking in other emulators. The project's open-source nature and stated goal of aiding reverse engineering efforts were also seen as positives. Several commenters expressed interest in trying Spice86 for analyzing older DOS programs and games. There was also discussion comparing it to existing tools like DOSBox and QEMU, with some suggesting Spice86's targeted focus on real mode might offer advantages for specific reverse engineering tasks. The ability to integrate custom C# code for dynamic analysis was highlighted as a potentially powerful feature.
The Hacker News post for Spice86, a PC emulator for real mode reverse engineering, has a moderate number of comments discussing various aspects of the project and its potential applications.
Several commenters express interest in the project's ability to aid in understanding legacy code, particularly in industrial settings. One user highlights the challenge of dealing with undocumented or poorly documented older systems and how a tool like Spice86 could be invaluable in such situations. They mention the difficulty in understanding interrupt usage and memory management in these systems, something Spice86 appears designed to address. Another user emphasizes the prevalence of ancient x86 systems still running critical infrastructure and the potential of Spice86 to help analyze and potentially modernize these systems.
Some discussion revolves around comparing Spice86 to existing tools like DOSBox and QEMU. While acknowledging the strengths of these established emulators, commenters point out that Spice86 differentiates itself by focusing on dynamic recompilation and its dedicated reverse engineering features. One commenter, apparently familiar with the project's development, mentions its ability to intercept instructions and system calls, facilitating analysis and modification of the emulated software's behavior. They also highlight its integration with a debugger.
The use of C# for the project is also brought up, with some commenters expressing surprise or mild skepticism. One user questions the performance implications of using C# for an emulator, although another user counters that modern C# performance is often underestimated and that the benefits of .NET might outweigh potential performance concerns, particularly regarding developer productivity and cross-platform compatibility.
A few commenters inquire about specific functionalities, like debugging support and the handling of peripherals. There's interest in whether Spice86 provides detailed logging or tracing capabilities to aid in reverse engineering efforts.
Finally, some comments touch upon the broader implications of preserving and understanding older software. One user makes a connection to the challenges of maintaining and understanding legacy space shuttle software, illustrating the broader relevance of projects like Spice86 in dealing with historically significant and often complex software systems.